Commonly used textile fiber properties and identification

First, textile fiber

1. Definition: Fiber is a natural or synthetic filament material, and textile fiber is fiber used for textile fabrics.

2, the characteristics of textile fibers: textile fibers have a certain length, fineness, flexibility, strength and other good physical properties. Also has good chemical stability, for example: cotton, wool, silk, hemp and other natural fibers are ideal textile fibers.

3, textile fiber classification: natural fiber and chemical fiber.

1 Natural fibers include plant fibers, animal fibers, and mineral fibers.

A Plant fibers such as: cotton, hemp, fruit fiber.

B animal fibers such as: wool, hair-free, silk.

C Mineral fibres such as: Asbestos.

2 Chemical fibers include recycled fibers, synthetic fibers, and inorganic fibers.

A Regenerated fiber such as: viscose fiber, acetate fiber.

B synthetic fibers such as: nylon, polyester, acrylic, spandex, vinylon, polypropylene and so on.

C inorganic fibers such as: glass fiber, metal fiber and so on.

4. Textile properties of common textile fibers:

1 Wool: Hygroscopicity, elasticity, good performance, resistance to insects, acidity, and metal-binding dyes.

2 Silk: Hygroscopicity, breathability, luster and good performance, suitable for acid and direct dyes.

3 cotton: breathable, moisture absorption, good performance, insect resistance, suitable for direct reduction of azo, alkaline media, vulcanization, reactive dyes.

4 Viscose fiber: Hygroscopicity, good air permeability, bright color, wide source of raw materials, low cost, nature close to natural fiber, applicable dye with cotton.

5 Polyester: fabric, good, cool, good shape retention, wear resistance, dimensional stability, easy to wash and dry, apply disperse dyes, diazo disperse dyes, soluble vat dyes.

6 Nylon: Excellent abrasion resistance, poor air permeability, acid dyes, and bulk dyes.

7 Acrylic: good bulkiness, skin feel, disperse dyes, cationic dyes.
Second, the fiber identification

1, the identification method:

1 The methods of identification are touch, visual inspection, combustion, microscopy, dissolution, drug coloring, and infrared spectroscopy. In the actual identification, often need to use a variety of methods, comprehensive analysis and research after the results.

2 The general procedure for identification is as follows:

A. First identify the natural fibers and chemical fibers by the combustion method.

B. In the case of natural fibers, microscopic observations are used to identify various plant fibers and animal fibers. If it is a chemical fiber, the difference in melting point, specific gravity, refractive index, and dissolution performance of the combined fiber is distinguished one by one.

C. In the identification of mixed fibers and blended yarns, it is generally confirmed by microscopic observation that several kinds of fibers are contained therein, and then identified one by one by an appropriate method.

D. For dyed or finished fibers, dye stripping or other appropriate pretreatments are generally required before reliable identification can be guaranteed.

2, the common fiber combustion properties:

fiber

Near flame phenomenon

In the flame

After the flame

odor

ash

cotton

Near flame is fired

combustion

Afterburner has afterglow

Papery

Ash is very soft and dark gray

hair

Fused flame

Melt and burn

Hard to continue self-extinguishing

Sizzling

Fragile crisp fluffy black silk

Metal Logo Tag

Metal Logo Tag,Custom Metal Logo Tags,Small Metal Logo Tags,Custom Metal Logo Tags For Handbags

Shenzhen MingFengXing Art & Craft Products CO., LTD. , https://www.blankmedal.com