With the rapid development of social production and the acceleration of industrialization, the problem of environmental pollution has become increasingly prominent. Wastewater from industrial production and urban construction has become a serious source of pollution. Water pollution leads to shortage of water resources and deterioration of water quality, which has become an important factor that restricts economic and social sustainable development. Therefore, more and more attention has been paid to the control of waste water pollution and the prevention of cure. The promotion of clean production has become an inevitable trend of social and economic development. Over the years, for the printing and dyeing industry -1.html "processing and processing waste and wastewater treatment in the printing and dyeing industry , mostly end-of-pipe management, but the single end treatment has become a heavy burden on economic development, and can not effectively solve environmental pollution problems. It is necessary to reconsider environmental governance policies, and the developed countries have taken the lead in proposing a new method of promoting the coordinated development of the economy and the environment - clean production. With the in-depth development of cleaner production, all countries in the world have continuously opened new fields in practice, and have gradually expanded from the initial chemical companies to the first, second and third industries. Although there is no mature indicator system and technical specification for clean production in the printing and dyeing industry, we can learn from the successful experience of clean production in other companies. Introduce cleaner production theory. The implementation of cleaner production in the printing and dyeing industry can fundamentally prevent and reduce the pollution to the environment and ensure the continuous improvement of environmental quality . First, the concept and content of cleaner production in the printing and dyeing industry The clean production of the printing and dyeing industry is the continuous application of the pollution prevention strategy to the entire process of printing and dyeing production. Through the use of scientific and rational management, the printing and dyeing technologies are continuously improved, the utilization of raw materials is improved, and the emission of pollutants is reduced. To reduce the harm to the environment and humans. The implementation of cleaner production is an important means to solve the environmental problems in China's printing and dyeing industry, produce safe and qualified products, and realize the sustainable development of printing and dyeing enterprises . Clean production in the printing and dyeing industry runs through the entire process of production and waste disposal. The whole process of production control includes clean energy and raw material input, clean working environment, and clean printing and dyeing products; the entire waste disposal process includes the process of comprehensive reduction of waste reduction, harmlessness, and resource utilization in the printing and dyeing industry. Second, the pretreatment process of dyeing and finishing clean production technology The amount of wastewater generated in the pre-treatment process is very considerable, accounting for 50% to 60% of the printing and dyeing wastewater volume, and it is of great significance to save water. The use of high-efficiency, short-flow processes and the use of highly efficient auxiliaries shorten the processing time and reduce the amount of additives and water used. The use of efficient bleaching auxiliaries and alkali-oxygen one-step cold pad stacking process saves about twice the water consumption, saves 1.8 times electricity, saves steam three times, and saves resources compared with the traditional three-step process of cooking, boiling and bleaching. Energy and energy effects are obvious; using low-temperature, low-alkali pre-treatment process can not only save energy, but also reduce the alkali content of wastewater, which is conducive to the treatment of wastewater; the development of a new generation of green surfactants, ecological additives in the pre-treatment process Technology, such as enzyme deprecipitation, refining, and other biological enzyme pretreatment technologies, can not only avoid the use of alkaline agents, greatly reduce the amount of chemicals used, reduce the amount of wastewater discharge, but also improve the biodegradability of pollutants in wastewater. The compound bio-enzyme can be used in alkali-free uncooked cooking process, and the high-temperature and strong-alkali-removed grey cloth slurry and its symbiotic organisms have gradually begun to be replaced by desizing and refining of compound bio-enzymes. For some textiles containing less impurities, small bath ratios or foam baths can be used to process in less water. In recent years, great progress has been made in the removal of impurities from fabric surfaces using plasma technology or other ion sputtering techniques, laser technology, ultrasonic technology, and ultraviolet radiation technology. Third, dyeing and finishing clean production technology of the dyeing process The dyeing process is the main process of pollution in the printing and dyeing industry. It is of great significance to promote cleaner production in this process. If the fiber is modified to improve its dyeing performance and the use of high fixing rate and high utilization of the dye, the development of high dyeing dyeing process, equipment is a very good method of clean production. BURKINSHAW and other studies have shown that dendrimer-pretreated cotton fabrics can significantly increase the dye uptake of reactive dyes and can even achieve salt-free dyeing. Researchers have also done a lot of research in the dye-free dyeing of reactive dyes. Treatment of textiles with UV, microwave, and high-energy rays can also improve the dyeing properties of fibers, and some can also be used directly for fixing. The bath ratio of dyeing equipment can be as low as 1:4 to 1:6, which not only saves dyes and auxiliaries, but also reduces the amount of waste water discharged and the residual amount of dyes. It can save 30% of dyes and dyes. 4O% of water consumption. Some scholars have studied the use of ultrasonic dyeing to increase dye uptake at low temperatures and save energy. One of the purposes of cleaner production is to minimize the consumption of water, dyes, and energy. Waterless dyeing technology makes it possible. Non-aqueous or anhydrous dyeing is an important method for cleaning and dyeing. In recent years, supercritical carbon dioxide has been used as a dyeing medium to dye without water. After dyeing, it is generally washed without water or lightly washed. Carbon dioxide can be used repeatedly. This method has the advantages of no water, no pollution, short dyeing time, low energy consumption, and the residual dyes can be recycled. It is a direction of future dyeing development. Fourth, dyeing and finishing clean production technology printing process Printing paste contamination is serious. At present, some new pastes are mainly obtained through the modification of natural polymer compounds and the synthesis of petrochemical raw materials. These new pastes are low in usage, easy to recycle and clean. Paint printing process is short, no need to wash, in line with ecological principles, should actively develop new coatings, non-hazardous adhesives and efficient thickeners to solve the problem of hand, fastness and bright colors. In recent years, the printing technology has developed rapidly, and digital printing, transfer printing, electrophotographic printing and other green printing processes have achieved continuous development. Digital inkjet printing can save a certain amount of water consumption and is a production process that meets the requirements of cleaner production. Transfer printing can be done without water or with less water during the production process. Natural fiber fabric transfer printing water consumption is only 1/10 of traditional printing. No steaming or re-baking after printing can save a lot of water resources and reduce environmental pollution. However, the use of a large amount of transfer paper is required. These transfer papers are difficult to reuse after use. Fifth, dyeing and finishing of cleaner production technologies finishing process In the finishing process, the following measures can be used to implement cleaner production: fully utilize the mechanical finishing such as calendering, embossing, electro-optic, embossing, brushing, softening, pre-shrinking, and nap. For example: The newly developed soft finishing technology, which is a method of combining various physical and mechanical functions, such as air conduction puffing, mechanical rubbing and tapping, to process the fabric. The finished fabric feels soft, plump, smooth, fluffy, and structurally vibrant. The use of chemicals is reduced during processing, resulting in less damage to the fabric fibers and less damage to the human body and the environment. Physical and chemical methods, such as low-temperature plasma treatment, can reduce the amount of softness, improve moisture absorption and antistatic properties of synthetic fibers, improve fiber luster, and increase the cohesion between fibers. The use of biological enzymes for the polishing and softening of cellulosic and protein fiber textiles, and the improvement of itchiness in textiles such as ramie. Foam dyeing and finishing is a kind of low-fluid dyeing and finishing technology that applies the dyeing and finishing working fluid to the fabric after it is foamed and made into a foam system. Foam processing can increase production efficiency, reduce waste water, and reduce chemical consumption. In the processing of water repellent, oil repellent, hydrophilic, soft and flame-retardant after textile finishing, the use of foam technology can achieve good results, and can reduce energy consumption and at the same time reduce environmental pollution. Due to the late start of clean production work in the printing and dyeing industry in China, and little accumulated experience, various problems will inevitably arise during the promotion process. However, we should believe that with the continuous promotion of cleaner production and the continuous enrichment of experience, these problems will be solved.
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